How to pump out oil from different assises and measure the oil production of each oil layer at the same time?
The oil and gas industry is one of the largest sectors in the world in terms of dollar value, generating an estimated $3.3 trillion in revenue annually. Oil is crucial to the global economic framework, especially for its largest producers: the United States, Saudi Arabia, Russia, Canada, and China.
Oil and gas exploration and production companies, or E&P companies, use three basic formats for measuring and reporting oil and gas production:
(1) Oil production is measured and reported in barrels, or “bbl.” Production rates are typically reported in terms of barrels per day, which may be abbreviated in several different ways, including bpd, b/d and bbl/d. Production volume may be rounded to the nearest thousand or million barrels, denoted with “m” or “mm,” respectively.
(2) Gas production is measured and reported in cubic feet at a standardized temperature and pressure of 60 degrees Fahrenheit and 14.73 pounds per square inch. Similar to oil production figures, gas production is often reported in shorthand of million, billion or trillion cubic feet, denoted by “mmcf” and “Bcf” or “Tcf,” respectively. Global gas production is often reported in cubic meters to simplify the large volumes.
(3) Oil and gas companies may also standardize their production in units of barrels of oil equivalent, or BOE. This measurement converts gas production to oil production on an energy-equivalent basis. The industry standard conversion rate of 1 barrel of crude oil has the same amount of energy as approximately 6,000 cubic feet of natural gas.2 It is also possible, but less common, to see oil production reported in the equivalent volume of gas, denoted by “mcfe.”
In the process of extracting oil from the stratum, mechanical equipment is used to lift the crude oil in the well to the ground, and the sucker rod pump is the main oil extraction equipment. The sucker rod pump is a special form of reciprocating pump. The power is transmitted from the ground to the downhole through the sucker rod, so that the plunger of the sucker rod pump moves up and down to lift the crude oil in the oil well along the tubing to the ground.
Sometimes the oil reservoirs are complex, and the same oil well, the oil reservoirs are distributed in different formations and need to be exploited in layers. The currently used oil pumps for stratified mining mainly include: double-acting oil pumps, three-acting oil pumps, etc. Although these oil pumps can be exploited in layers, the well fluid is discharged to the ground in a mixed state, and it is impossible to measure and test a single oil layer. And can not accurately judge the situation of each oil layer downhole, which affects the efficiency of oil production.
In response to this situation, Sanjack developed a new downhole pump that can perform stratified recovery and stratified metering. The downhole pump is mainly composed of a pump barrel, plunger, fixed valve, traveling valve, oil discharge valve, oil inlet valve, etc. The lower end of the upper plunger of the pump is connected with a lower plunger, and the bottom of the lower plunger has a traveling valve, There is a lower pump barrel under the upper pump barrel, the upper plunger is a large diameter plunger, the lower plunger is a small diameter plunger, the upper pump barrel is a large diameter pump barrel, the lower pump barrel is a small diameter pump barrel, the upper and lower columns The plug is a long plunger, directly connected, the upper and lower pump barrels are short pump barrels, and the upper and lower pump barrels are connected by a pump barrel extension pipe.
There is an outer tube outside the upper pump barrel, which is connected to the lower end of the upper pump barrel extension pipe. A plurality of oil inlet valves and oil discharge valves are arranged in connection with the lower pump barrel, and a fixed valve is arranged at the lower end of the extension pipe of the lower pump barrel. When in use, the upper pump barrel is connected with the tubing, the upper plunger is connected with the hollow sucker rod, and the sucker rod moves up and down to realize the function of suction and discharge of the upper and lower pumps.
The well fluid in the lower oil layer is discharged from the ground by the hollow rod, and the well in the upper oil layer The liquid is discharged from the ground through the annular space between the hollow rod and the tubing, so as to realize the purpose of stratified mining, stratified testing and stratified metering. Since the upper and lower pumps form two relatively independent liquid supply and discharge systems, it can realize layered mining, separate discharge metering and testing functions, and can grasp the liquid supply situation of the upper and lower oil layers at any time, so as to take measures to increase the liquid production of the oil well.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K74_tBNr5kQ
