How to prevent blowout during oil recovery?
A blowout is the uncontrolled release of crude oil and/or natural gas from an oil well or gas well after pressure control systems have failed. Modern wells have blowout preventers (BOP Systems) intended to prevent such an occurrence. An accidental spark during a blowout can lead to a catastrophic oil or gas fire.
A blowout is one of the most tragic and most expensive technical accident that can happen in the upstream oil and gas industry. When a blowout occurs, it is an immediate emergency that endangers life, the environment, and all related equipment. Unfortunately, this will affect future production from the lost well and sometimes the energy of the reservoir.
Once an oil well blowout is happening, stopping it requires large amounts of effort, time, money, and risk. In the moment, there isn’t much to do besides evacuate. The best approach to handling a blowout is to make sure it doesn’t happen in the first place. With a few preventive measures and strict adherence to safety regulations, you can significantly reduce your risk of a blowout.
Blowout on-off connector is used for oil extraction killing well.
At present, the blowout on-off connector used on site is suspended by a circlip. Limited by the elastic force of the circlip, it is easy to be released in advance due to failure of the suspension during the downhole process of the well. If the pressure is too high, it will produce a large lifting force, causing the problem of difficulty in connecting the sucker rod and the plunger of the sucker pump.
This design is a kind of blowout on-off connector with quick response, simple operation and reliable performance, which effectively solves the blowout accident caused by the sudden change of formation energy during the oil pumping process.
This blowout on-off connector is composed of an upper joint, a center rod, a sealing lock sleeve, and a lock block joint. The upper end of the center rod is connected to the sucker rod through the upper joint, and the lower end is connected to the lock block joint. The lower part of the center rod is provided with a lock block to lock The block is equipped with a lock block compression spring, the outer part of the center rod is equipped with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve is equipped with a sliding sleeve spring and a floating inner sliding sleeve, the inner sliding sleeve is equipped with an inner sliding sleeve spring, and the upper part of the sliding sleeve is provided with a drain Hole, the upper end of the sliding sleeve is provided with a conical surface matched with the sealing lock sleeve, and the lower end of the sliding sleeve is provided with a conical surface matched with the lock block. Before the blowout on-off connector is lowered into the well, first disconnect the upper joint of the blowout on-off connector from the center rod, and then lower the other parts of the blowout on-off connector along with the oil well into the predetermined position in the well;
when it is necessary to pump oil , The upper joint goes down the well together with the sucker rod. When it goes straight down to the predetermined position, the upper joint pushes the inner sliding sleeve downward to break out of the oil drain hole of the sliding sleeve. The oil drain hole balances the up and down pressure in the well and makes the jaws at the lower end of the upper joint smooth Hold the middle boss of the center rod to complete the docking of the blowout on-off connector.
After docking, the upper joint continues to go down, and the sliding sleeve goes down under the push of the upper joint. The lower cone of the sliding sleeve compresses the lock block to shrink the compression spring of the lock block. When the outer diameter of the block is smaller than the inner diameter of the seal lock sleeve, the upper joint pushes the blowout prevention disconnector out of the seal lock sleeve to separate the blowout prevention disconnector from the seal lock sleeve to realize normal oil pumping; when a blowout occurs, lift the sucker rod , The sucker rod drives the blowout on-off connector to move up into the sealing lock sleeve. When the upper cone surface of the sliding sleeve matches the sealing lock sleeve cone surface, the sliding sleeve is restricted from moving upward, and the upper joint is disconnected from the center rod under the pull of the sucker rod , The blowout on-off connector is released, and the lock block enters the sealing lock sleeve.
The sliding sleeve spring pushes the sliding sleeve on the upper cone of the sealing lock sleeve to prevent the sliding sleeve from going down. The inner sliding sleeve spring pushes the inner sliding sleeve against the sliding sleeve. The upper end seals the drain hole to prevent blowout.
In addition to other safety issues, concerns for the effects on the environment have become increasingly important over the last 30 years. Companies must be careful to prevent the blowout from leaking hydrocarbons. This is another reason firefighters deliberately ignite a blowout that is blowing hydrocarbons: a burning blowout will consume the leaking hydrocarbons rather than allowing them to blow into the environment. Blowout control and oil well firefighting are based on tradition and apprenticeship. Advances in technique and technology only underscore the inherent consistency in the industry.
